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Runtime: 2 H, 45M / genre: History / Kriti Sanon / Country: India / Release Date: 2019 / Panipat is a movie starring Arjun Kapoor, Sanjay Dutt, and Kriti Sanon. The film is based on the third battle of Panipat which took place on the 14 of January in 1761 between the Marathas and the King of Afghanistan, Ahmad Shah. Image copyright Panipat film Image caption Sanjay Dutt (R) plays Afghan leader Ahmad Shah Abdali The argument over a war that took place in the 18th Century began in a modern way: with a tweet. "Death strikes where his shadow falls, " wrote Sanjay Dutt, the veteran Bollywood actor who plays the Afghan leader, Ahmad Shah Abdali, in the film Panipat, which opened in cinemas on Friday. It was supposed to stir up excitement for the film, which was released on Friday. Instead, it came close to instigating an international incident, angering an entire country of once-loyal Bollywood fans. But what exactly has got Afghans so riled up? Panipat tells the story of a 1761 battle between an Indian empire and an Afghan army, led by Abdali, with the trailer leaving viewers in no doubt that this will be a high-octane ride from start to finish. But it was certain to cause some controversy: after all, to Afghans Abdali is their founding father and hero, but to Indians he's an invader who killed thousands of Maratha warriors in the historic battle of Panipat, north of Delhi. AFP Arjun Kapoor (L) and Kriti Sanon also appear in the film Concerns were initially raised when the film was first announced. In 2017 the Afghan consulate in Mumbai reached out directly to the Indian Information and Broadcasting Ministry. "Ahmad Shah Abdali holds great regard in the hearts and minds of Afghan people, " said Naseem Sharifi, Afghanistan's consul general in the city. "When the film was being made we requested to watch it without exposing the plot. Despite our constant efforts, we didn't get any response from the filmmakers. " But then came Sanjay Dutt's tweet, complete with a picture of his character, the man Afghans refer to as Ahmad Shah Baba (father). The uproar was immediate. "He's vicious. He wears kohl. Abdali wasn't like that. From the way he dresses to the way he speaks; it's not even Afghan, he's portrayed as an Arab, " Elaha Walizadeh, an Afghan blogger, told the BBC. For generations, Afghans have grown up with Bollywood films such as Khuda Gawah, starring Amitabh Bachchan as a brave and patriotic Afghan protagonist. They were a source of joy and hope for many refugees during the dark Taliban era. They played the songs at their weddings, danced to the tunes, memorised famous dialogue and even learned Hindi from it. But then came films such as the 2018 epic Padmaavat, which saw superstar Ranveer Singh playing Alauddin Khilji, a Turko-Afghan ruler who invaded and ruled Delhi in the 12th Century. Though the film garnered positive reviews, the portrayal of Khaliji as a cruel and vicious ruler offended many Afghans - although they were far from the only group to take issue. Media playback is unsupported on your device Media caption Deepika Padukone received death threats for her role in Bollywood epic Padmaavat Similarly Kesari, a 2019 period drama about an epic battle between 21 Sikh soldiers from the British Indian Army and more than 10, 000 Afghans, was criticised for stereotyping and vilifying Afghans as invaders who forcibly took land. Platforms like Twitter and Facebook mean those offended can easily find others who share their disillusionment. "People are seeing the issue of misrepresentation because of social media. More young Afghans are noticing a trend and having conversations about it, " Walizadeh said. "Whereas before they were elated at the slightest mention of Afghans in Hindi movies, they now watch it with scrutiny. Though misrepresentation is a global problem, given Afghans' relationship with Bollywood they expect better. " More on Bollywood Some film critics say however that the changing portrayal of Afghan characters could be down to more than just rising awareness on the part of Afghan filmgoers. Instead they link the rising number of films with negative Muslim characters as an attempt by Bollywood executives to align the industry with India's ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) - a Hindu nationalist party led by Prime Minister Narendra Modi. "We have a Hindu majority party which is quite conscious of exploiting the soft power of Bollywood, " said Ankur Pathak, entertainment editor of Huffington Post India. "Whether that is the prime minister clicking selfies with the top stars, organising meet-and-greet events or the ruling party encouraging Bollywood to show films about nation-building, there's an invisible incentive to make films to depict India in a positive light - and by India that means it's Modi's idea of India or the BJP's idea of India, which is pro-Hindu. " It is a dangerous path, Pathak adds. "Misrepresentation of any community does immense damage. Given the current climate it's something we need to steer clear from, " he said. Film director Ashutosh Gowariker has dismissed the claims. He told online channel Film Companion: "This film is not about a Hindu-Muslim battle. It's about stopping an invader. It's about protecting your borders, your land, that's the patriotic theme of the film. In the wake of that we have to show that Abdali did invade but we have kept the dignity of the character. " But Mr Sharifi, the Afghan consul-general, remains worried about the possible fallout from Panipat - despite assurances from Sanjay Dutt that he would not have taken the role if the portrayal was negative. The consul-general, who also acts as an advisor to the Afghan president, says he wants a panel of experts from both countries to review the film before its release. The BBC asked Sanjay Dutt for a response to the criticism but did not receive a response. For some of Bollywood's most loyal Afghan fans, the film is likely to disappoint. "Historically Indian cinema has been instrumental in strengthening Indo-Afghan ties, " Dr Shaida Abdali, the former Afghan ambassador to India, tweeted. "I very much hope that the film 'Panipat' has kept that fact in mind while dealing with this important episode of our shared history! ".
Panipat the great betrayal songs. Went for a movie with high expectation, only for ashutosh govarikar, but came out with thumb down, in this movie abdeli killed 4 solders and that to are from his army only, i mean come on movie is to long and slow, visual effect is very poor, only plust point sanju bhai, background score and is a movie that can avoid in theater, watch it when its available on netflix, its just a waste of money. 
Learn more More Like This Comedy | Drama 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 7. 6 / 10 X Two couples with the same surnames pursue in-vitro fertilization and wait for their upcoming babies. Trouble ensues when they find that the sperms of each couple have been mixed with each other. Director: Raj Mehta Stars: Akshay Kumar, Kareena Kapoor, Diljit Dosanjh Romance 6 / 10 Chintu Tyagi is an ordinary, middle class man who finds himself torn between his wife and another woman. Mudassar Aziz Kartik Aaryan, Bhumi Pednekar, Ananya Panday Action Biography 8. 4 / 10 Tanhaji Malusare, a military chieftain in the army of the Maratha king Shivaji, leads the charge to capture the strategically important Kondhana fort guarded by the army of the fierce Rajput chieftain Udaybhan Rathod. Om Raut Ajay Devgn, Saif Ali Khan, Kajol 4 / 10 A coming-of-age story based on the lives of street dancers. Remo D'Souza Varun Dhawan, Shraddha Kapoor, Prabhu Deva Crime 7. 7 / 10 Shivani Shivaji Roy is back and this time she's on the trail of a 21 year old merciless villain who targets women. Gopi Puthran Rani Mukerji, Vishal Jethwa, Shruti Bapna Thriller Karan goes to London to stop a terrorist attack on India. Aditya Datt Vidyut Jammwal, Adah Sharma, Gulshan Devaiah Mystery 6. 4 / 10 When the body of a powerful businesswoman disappears from the morgue, the inspector in charge hunts for the truth. But when he questions her husband he realizes that there is much more to the case than meets the eye. Jeethu Joseph Emraan Hashmi, Rishi Kapoor, Sobhita Dhulipala 3. 7 / 10 Chulbul Pandey encounters an enemy from his past, and his origin story as the fearless cop unfolds. Salman Khan, Sudeep, Sonakshi Sinha Panga is inspired from the life of a national level Kabbadi player from India. It follows her triumphs, struggle and overcoming of stereotypes. It shows how important the love and support of your family is for you to be successful. Ashwiny Iyer Tiwari Kangana Ranaut, Jassie Gill, Richa Chadha 6. 5 / 10 An Indian soldier chases after his mentor who has gone rogue after an unexpected kill. Siddharth Anand Hrithik Roshan, Tiger Shroff, Vaani Kapoor 7. 5 / 10 It tells the story of a man who is balding prematurely and how he copes up with the situation. Amar Kaushik Ayushmann Khurrana, Yami Gautam 7. 3 / 10 In an 18th century setting, a Naga sadhu in India sets out on a journey across Bundelkhand to seek revenge for an injustice committed in the past. Navdeep Singh Zoya Hussain, Manav Vij Edit Storyline The film is based on the third battle of Panipat which took place on the 14 of January in 1761 between the Marathas and the King of Afghanistan, Ahmad Shah Abdali. Plot Summary Add Synopsis Details Release Date: 6 December 2019 (India) See more » Box Office Opening Weekend USA: $295, 624, 8 December 2019 Cumulative Worldwide Gross: $3, 349, 899 See more on IMDbPro » Company Credits Technical Specs See full technical specs » Did You Know? Trivia Ashutosh Gowariker and Sanjay Dutt had acted together in Naam 1986 where Ashutosh Gowariker had a small role of taxi driver. See more » Alternate Versions Before the theatrical release in India, the film received cuts in order to receive a U/A classification. These included muting/replacing of profanity and some dialogues, deletion of extreme violence and modification/addition of some disclaimers. See more » Check out the Indian movies with the highest ratings from IMDb users, as well as the movies that are trending in real time.
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Panipat 3a the great betrayal new. Ashutosh Gowariker's film Panipat is struggling at the box office since its opening day. The film features Arjun Kapoor as Maratha warrior Sadashiv Rao Bhau, Kriti Sanon has been cast as Parvati Bai- his wife, and Sanjay Dutt plays the antagonist, Afghan king- Ahmad Shah Abdali. Panipat, which hit the screens on December 6, clashed with Mudassar Aziz's directorial venture Pati Patni Aur Woh at the box office. So far, Gowariker's film has earned Rs 26. 37 crore - within nine days of its release. Early estimates suggest that Panipat collected approximately Rs 1 crore to Rs 2 crore on its second Saturday. On its second Friday, Panipat collected Rs 69 lakh, which was its lowest earnings so far. #Panipat nosedives on Day 8 [second Fri]... Reducing the run time hasn’t helped... [Week 2] Fri 69 lakhs. Total: 26. 37 cr. #India biz. taran adarsh (@taran_adarsh) December 14, 2019 Here's how Panipat performed at the box office in the first week: December 6: Day 1 (Friday): Rs 4. 12 crore December 7: Day 2 (Saturday): Rs 5. 78 crore December 8: Day 3 (Sunday): Rs 7. 78 crore December 9: Day 4 (Monday): Rs 2. 59 crore December 10: Day 5 (Tuesday): Rs 2. 21 crore December 11: Day 6 (Wednesday): Rs 1. 7 crore December 12: Day 7 (Thursday): Rs 1. 5 crore #Panipat is an epic disappointment... Was best in #Maharashtra, but the biz fell flat on weekdays... North and East put up shockingly low numbers... Fri 4. 12 cr, Sat 5. 78 cr, Sun 7. 78 cr, Mon 2. 59 cr, Tue 2. 21 cr, Wed 1. 70 cr, Thu 1. 50 cr. Total: 25. 68 cr. taran adarsh (@taran_adarsh) December 13, 2019 Since the release of its trailer, Panipat has been compared to Sanjay Leela Bhansali's films such as Bajirao Mastani and Padmaavat. India Today reviewer Nairita Mukherjee gave Panipat 2. 5 stars out of 5. In her review, she wrote, "All the comparisons with Bajirao Mastani and Padmaavat, that the Panipat trailer had to face right after its release, are justified. But in Gowariker’s defense, Maratha warriors dressed alike, so Ranveer Singh’s Bajirao and Arjun Kapoor’s Sadashiv Rao Bhau look similar (also, Sadashiv was Bajirao's nephew). Kriti Sanon’s Parvati Bai will remind you of Priyanka Chopra’s Kashi Bai. " If the second weekend turns out to be a boon for Panipat, the total collections of the film will amount to Rs 30 crore. Watch the official trailer of Panipat Panipat Movie Review ALSO READ | Panipat box office collection Day 8: Arjun Kapoor film earns Rs 69 lakhs ALSO READ | Panipat box office collection Day 7: Arjun Kapoor film earns Rs 1. 50 crore ALSO READ | Panipat box office collection Day 6: Arjun Kapoor film earns Rs 1. 70 crore ALSO WATCH | Arjun Kapoor deconstructs the modern Indian hero at Conclave Mumbai 2019.
Edit Panipat (2019) See agents for this cast & crew Directed by Ashutosh Gowariker Writing Credits (in alphabetical order) Ranjeet Bahadur... (story and screenplay) Ashok Chakradhar... (dialogue) Chandrashekhar Dhavalikar... Ashutosh Gowariker... Aditya Rawal... Aditya Rawal Cast (in credits order) Arjun Kapoor... Sadashiv Rao Bhau Sanjay Dutt... Ahmad Shah Abdali Kriti Sanon... Parvati Bai Mohnish Bahl... Nana Saheb (Balaji Baji Rao) Padmini Kolhapure... Gopika Bai Suhasini Mulay... Radha Bai Zeenat Aman... Sakina Begum Ravindra Mahajani... Malhar Rao Holkar Kunal Kapoor... Shuja-ud-Daula Nawab Shah... Ibrahim Khan Gardi Mantra... Najib-ud-Daula Rest of cast listed alphabetically: Rajesh Aher... Sardar Biniwale Babrak Akbari... Wasi Khubas Mohit. D. Anand... Taimur Shah Abdali Manoj Bakshi... Suraj Mal Arun Bali... Ala Singh Sharad Bhutadiya... Shankar Shastri Karamveer Choudhary... King Karamveer (as Karmveer Choudhary) Shailesh Datar... Gunoji Pant Krutika Deo... Radhika Bai Sunny Ghansani... Suleiman-ud-Daula Milind Gunaji... Dattaji Shinde Honey... Murtaza Bilal Hussein... Yakub Khan Tejveer Singh Jhala... Bijay Singh Vinita Joshi... Mehram Bai Gashmeer Mahajani... Jankoji Shinde Abhishek Nigam... Vishwas Rao Archana Nipankar... Anandi Bai Bimal Oberoi... Madho Singh Kashyap Parulekar... Raghunath Rao Ahmad Jawed Khan Pathaan... Barkhurdar Khan Pradeep Patwardhan... Lingoji Narayan Farukh Saeed... Sarfaraz Sahil Salathia... Shamsher Bahadur Mir Sarwar... Imad-ul-Mulk Ajit Shidhaye... Wazir Shah Wali Khan Paresh Shukla... Govind Pant Bundele Shyam Mashalkar... Bhanu Jasvinder Singh... Wahab Khan Amir Tadwalkar... Maratha Court Announcer Sagar Talashikar... Sardar Raaste Dnyanesh Wadekar... Mehendale Dushyant Wagh... Nana Phadnavis S. M. Zaheer... Alamgir 2 Produced by Rajesh Bhatt... line producer: Jaipur Sunita Gowariker... producer Rohit Shelatkar... Alok Sinha... executive producer Music by Ajay Gogavale Atul Gogavale Cinematography by C. K. Muraleedharan Film Editing by Steven H. Bernard Casting By Rohan Mapuskar Production Design by Nitin Chandrakant Desai Costume Design by Neeta Lulla Makeup Department Vikram Gaikwad... makeup artist Production Management Akhtar Ansari... production manager Abul Syed 'Hassan' Ehsan... executive in charge of production Ketan Madiwale... post-production supervisor Kamlesh Meisheri... Aakash Pandey... production assistant Ratnesh Ranjan... Ritesh Sharma... Aastha Toprani... Amit Upadhyay... Second Unit Director or Assistant Director director's assistant Glenn Baretto... second unit director Shubhagat Chowdhury... second assistant director Vishwang Gowariker... chief director's assistant Ankush Mohla... Chirantan Pandey... Tushar Pathak... third assistant director Vishal Raman... first assistant director Rohit Saini... assistant director Divyagini Sharma... costume assistant director Parul Singh... Udit Telang... Sound Department Kadhar Basha... Foley Artist Stephen Gomes... Supervising sound editor / sound designer Sulthan Ibrahim... foley artist Jagadeesh... Gaurav Kapadia... sound mixer Amal Kumar... assistant re recording mixer / assitant Re-Recording Mixer Dhilip Kumar... Foley Editor / foley Mixer Sarath Mohan... Atmos MIxer / re-recording mixer / sound re-recording Shijil Nair... associate re recording mixer / atmos mixer Vijay Rathinam... FOLEY SUPERVISOR / additional sound design Ashim Sonowal... sound effects editor G. Sreesan... Foley Editor Aniket Subash... dialogue editor Aravind Vijayakumar... ADR Engineer Special Effects by Bharat Patel... special effects assistant Vishal Tyagi... special effects Visual Effects by Mehta Apul... CG Supervisor Praveen Bokade... compositor: Labyrinth Cinematic Solutions Mayur Gangasagar... creative lead and matte painter Kapil Gyanchandani... visual effects producer: Labyrinth Cinematic Solutions Jaby Jose... Animator Sandeep Kamal... visual effects supervisor Ruby Khan... Igor Klimovsky... visual effects producer E Vijay Ram Kumar... Sr. vfx lighting artist: labyrinth cinematic sollutions Rajeev Kumar... Gokul Mahajan... Head of Production Kuldeep Eknath Motirale... Visual Effects Editor Abdur Rahman... compositor Raghav Rai... Vfx Project Head Rajeev Kumar Rastogi... Sachin Satpute... visual effects Sayon Sen... Compositing Lead Mrityunjay Singh... associate vfx supervisor: AGPPL Ali Ashif Sk... visual effects editor Artem Sushilnikov... Stunts Ashraf Khan... action assistant Abbas Ali Moghul... action director Arbaaz Ali Moghul... Murtuza Ali Moghul... Camera and Electrical Department Shakthivel Arjun... Focus puller Ramani Ranjan Das... second unit director of photography Mandar Sudhakar Khare... second assistant camera Satish Reddy Parpally... assistant camera Romit Pillai... camera operator Baikuntha Rout... first assistant camera Bhagyesh Sharma... Drone pilot Pankaj Sharma... Drone operator Pudiyamuthu Sundaram... Jib operator Nawaraj Krishna Thapa... 2nd unit focus puller / focus puller Casting Department Niranjan Javir... casting associate Editorial Department Salil Deshpande... Head Production: Gopi Sindam... assistant editor Music Department Javed Akhtar... lyricist Swapnil Bandodkar... playback singer Priyanka Barve... Sudesh Bhonsle... Padmanab Gaikwad... Kunal Ganjawala... Shreya Ghoshal... Ajay Gogavale... Atul Gogavale... Abhay Jodhpurkar... Deepanshi Nagar... Other crew Vaibhav Gaur... Marketing: Reliance Entertainment Varun Gupta... Marketing Director Fatema Nagree... AGM Marketing: Reliance Entertainment Milind Topre... Social Media Executive See also Release Dates | Official Sites Company Credits Filming & Production Technical Specs Getting Started Contributor Zone » Contribute to This Page ad feedback Details Full Cast and Crew Storyline Taglines Plot Summary Synopsis Plot Keywords Parents Guide Did You Know? 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Panipat: the great betrayal full. Royal मराठा. Panipat: the great betrayal book. Panipat: the great betrayal story. Third Battle of Panipat The Third Battle of Panipat, 14 January 1761, Hafiz Rahmat Khan, standing right of Ahmad Shah Abdali, who is shown sitting on a brown horse. Date 14 January 1761 Location Panipat (in present-day Haryana, India) 29°23′N 76°58′E / 29. 39°N 76. 97°E Result Durrani victory [1] Territorial changes Marathas lost suzerainty over Panipat and areas south of Panipat including Delhi to the Durranis. Ahmad Shah Durrani vacates Delhi soon after the battle. Belligerents Durrani Empire Supported by: Rohillas Maratha Empire Commanders and leaders Ahmad Shah Durrani Persian Officers Timur Shah Durrani Wazir Wali Khan [1] Shah Pasand Khan [1] Barkhurdar Khan [2] Wazirullah Khan [2] Rohilla Officers Shuja-ud-Daula [3] Najib-ud-Daula [4] Amir Beg [2] Jahan Khan [1] Zain Khan Sirhindi Murad Khan [2] Shuja Quli Khan Hafiz Rahmat Khan [1] Dundi Khan [1] Banghas Khan [1] Nasir Khan Baluch [2] Ahmad Khan Bangash [2] Sadashiv Rao Bhau (commander-in-chief of Maratha Army) † Vishwasrao Bhatt † Malharrao Holkar Mahadji Shinde ( WIA) Ibrahim Khan Gardi † Jankoji Shinde ( POW) Shamsher Bahadur ( DOW) Damaji Gaikwad Yashwant Rao Pawar † Shri. Arvandekar Sidoji Gharge Strength 41, 800 Afghan cavalry of which 28, 000 was regular cavalry [5] 32000 Rohilla infantry [5] 55, 000 Maratha cavalry of which 11, 000 was regular cavalry [5] 9, 000 gardi infantry [5] The force was accompanied by 200, 000 non-combatants (pilgrims and camp-followers). [6] Casualties and losses 15, 000 Rohillas killed 5, 000 Afghans killed. [5] 30, 000 killed in battle [5] 10, 000 killed while retreating. [5] 10, 000 reported missing. [5] 11, 000 fear stricken troops took refuge at Gwalior fort [5] Another 40, 000–70, 000 non-combatants executed following the battle. [7] [8] The Third Battle of Panipat took place on 14 January 1761 at Panipat, about 97 km (60 miles) north of Delhi, between the Maratha Empire and the invading Afghan army of the King of Afghans, Ahmad Shah Abdali, supported by three Indian allies — the Rohilla Najib-ud-daulah, Afghans of the Doab region, and Shuja-ud-Daula, the Nawab of Awadh. The Maratha army was led by Sadashivrao Bhau who was third in authority after the Chhatrapati (Maratha King) and the Peshwa (Maratha Prime Minister). The main Maratha army was stationed in Deccan with the Peshwa. Militarily, the battle pitted the artillery and cavalry of the Marathas against the heavy cavalry and mounted artillery ( zamburak and jezail) of the Afghans and Rohillas led by Abdali and Najib-ud-Daulah, both ethnic Afghans. The battle is considered one of the largest and most eventful fought in the 18th century, [9] and it has perhaps the largest number of fatalities in a single day reported in a classic formation battle between two armies. The specific site of the battle itself is disputed by historians, but most consider it to have occurred somewhere near modern-day Kaalaa Aamb and Sanauli Road. The battle lasted for several days and involved over 125, 000 troops. Protracted skirmishes occurred, with losses and gains on both sides. The forces led by Ahmad Shah Durrani came out victorious after destroying several Maratha flanks. The extent of the losses on both sides is heavily disputed by historians, but it is believed that between 60, 000–70, 000 were killed in fighting, while the numbers of injured and prisoners taken vary considerably. According to the single best eyewitness chronicle—the bakhar by Shuja-ud-Daulah's Diwan Kashi Raj—about 40, 000 Maratha prisoners were slaughtered in cold blood the day after the battle. [8] Grant Duff includes an interview of a survivor of these massacres in his History of the Marathas and generally corroborates this number. Shejwalkar, whose monograph Panipat 1761 is often regarded as the single best secondary source on the battle, says that "not less than 100, 000 Marathas (soldiers and non-combatants) perished during and after the battle. " [7] The result of the battle was the temporary halting of further Maratha advances in the north and destabilisation of their territories for roughly ten years. This period is marked by the rule of Peshwa Madhavrao, who is credited with the revival of Maratha domination following the defeat at Panipat. In 1771, ten years after Panipat, he sent a large Maratha army into northern India in an expedition which re-established Maratha domination in that area and punished refractory powers that had either sided with the Afghans, such as the Rohillas, or had shaken off Maratha domination after Panipat. [10] But their success was short lived. Crippled by Madhavrao's untimely death at the age of 28, infighting ensued among Maratha chiefs soon after, and they ultimately met their final blow at the hands of the British in 1818. [11] Background Decline of the Mughal Empire The 27-year Mughal-Maratha war (1680–1707) led to rapid territorial loss of the Maratha Empire to the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb. However after his death in 1707, this process reversed following the Mughal Succession War between the sons of Aurangzeb. By 1712, Marathas quickly started retaking their lost lands. Under Peshwa Baji Rao, Gujarat, Malwa and Rajputana came under Maratha control. Finally, in 1737, Baji Rao defeated the Mughals on the outskirts of Delhi and brought much of the former Mughal territories south of Agra under Maratha control. Baji Rao's son Balaji Baji Rao further increased the territory under Maratha control by invading Punjab in 1758. Raghunathrao's letter to the Peshwa, 4 May 1758. “ Lahore, Multan and other subahs on eastern side of Attock are under our rule for the most part, and places which have not come under our rule we shall soon bring under us. Ahmad Shah Durrani's son Timur Shah Durrani and Jahan Khan have been pursued by our troops, and their troops completely looted. Both of them have now reached Peshawar with a few broken troops... So Ahmad Shah Durrani has returned to Kandahar with some 12-14 thousand broken troops.. Thus all have risen against Ahmad who has lost control over the region. We have decided to extend our rule up to Kandahar. ” This brought the Marathas into direct confrontation with the Durrani empire of Ahmad Shah Abdali (also known as Ahmad Shah Durrani). In 1759 he raised an army from the Pashtun and Baloch tribes and made several gains against the smaller Maratha garrisons in Punjab. He then joined with his Indian allies—the Rohilla Afghans of the Gangetic Doab—forming a broad coalition against the Marathas. To counter this, Raghunathrao supposed to go north to handle the situation. Raghunathrao asked for large amount and an army, which was denied by Sadashivrao Bhau, his cousin and Diwan of Peshwa, so he declined to go. Sadashivrao Bhau was there upon made commander in chief of the Maratha Army, under whom the Battle of Panipat was fought. [12] The Marathas, under the command of Sadashivrao Bhau, responded by gathering an army of between 45, 000–60, 000, which was accompanied by roughly 200, 000 non-combatants, a number of whom were pilgrims desirous of making pilgrimages to Hindu holy sites in northern India. The Marathas started their northward journey from Patdur on 14 March 1760. Both sides tried to get the Nawab of Awadh, Shuja-ud-Daulah, into their camp. By late July Shuja-ud-Daulah made the decision to join the Afghan-Rohilla coalition, preferring to join what was perceived as the "army of Islam". This was strategically a major loss for the Marathas, since Shuja provided much-needed finances for the long Afghan stay in North India. It is doubtful whether the Afghan-Rohilla coalition would have the means to continue their conflict with the Marathas without Shuja's support. [ citation needed] Rise of the Marathas Grant Duff, describing the Maratha army: [13] The lofty and spacious tents, lined with silks and broadcloths, were surmounted by large gilded ornaments, conspicuous at a distance... Vast numbers of elephants, flags of all descriptions, the finest horses, magnificently caparisoned... seemed to be collected from every quarter... it was an imitation of the more becoming and tasteful array of the Mughuls in the zenith of their glory. The Marathas had gained control of a considerable part of India in the intervening period (1712–1757). In 1758 they nominally occupied Delhi, captured Lahore and drove out Timur Shah Durrani, [1] the son and viceroy of the Afghan ruler, Ahmad Shah Abdali. This was the high-water mark of Maratha expansion, where the boundaries of their empire extended north of the Sindhu river all the way down south to northern Kerala. This territory was ruled through the Peshwa, who talked of placing his son Vishwasrao on the Mughal throne. However, Delhi still remained under the control of Mughals, key Muslim intellectuals including Shah Waliullah and other Muslim clergies in India were frightened at these developments. In desperation they appealed to Ahmad Shah Abdali, the ruler of Afghanistan, to halt the threat. [14] Prelude Ahmad Shah Durrani ( Ahmad Shah Abdali), angered by the news from his son and his allies, was unwilling to allow the Marathas' spread go unchecked. By the end of 1759 Abdali with his Afghan tribes, his Baloch allies, and his Rohilla ally Najib Khan had reached Lahore as well as Delhi and defeated the smaller enemy garrisons. Ahmed Shah, at this point, withdrew his army to Anupshahr, on the frontier of the Rohilla country, where he successfully convinced the Nawab of Oudh Shuja-ud-Daula to join his alliance against the Marathas. The Marathas had earlier helped Safdarjung (father of Shuja) in defeating Rohillas in Farrukhabad. [10] The Marathas under Sadashivrao Bhau responded to the news of the Afghans' return to North India by raising an army, and they marched North. Bhau's force was bolstered by some Maratha forces under Holkar, Scindia, Gaikwad and Govind Pant Bundele. Suraj Mal (the Jat ruler of Bharatpur) also had joined Bhausaheb initially. This combined army captured the Mughal capital, Delhi, from an Afghan garrison in December 1759. [15] Delhi had been reduced to ashes many times due to previous invasions, and in addition there being acute shortage of supplies in the Maratha camp. Bhau ordered the sacking of the already depopulated city. [16] He is said to have planned to place his nephew and the Peshwa's son, Vishwasrao, on the Delhi throne. The Jats withdrew their support from the Marathas. Their withdrawal from the ensuing battle was to play a crucial role in its result. Abdali drew first blood by attacking a small Maratha army led by Dattaji Shinde at Burari Ghat. Dattaji was killed in the battle. [10] Afghan royal soldiers of the Durrani Empire (also referred to as the Afghan Empire). Afghan defeat at Kunjpura With both sides poised for battle, there followed much maneuvering, with skirmishes between the two armies fought at Karnal and Kunjpura. Kunjpura, on the banks of the Yamuna river 60 miles to the north of Delhi, was stormed by the Marathas and the whole Afghan garrison was killed or enslaved. [17] The Marathas achieved a rather easy victory at Kunjpura against an army of 15, 000 Afghans posted there. Some of Abdali's best generals were killed. Ahmad Shah was encamped on the left bank of the Yamuna River, which was swollen by rains, and was powerless to aid the garrison. The massacre of the Kunjpura garrison, within sight of the Durrani camp, exasperated Abdali to such an extent that he ordered crossing of the river at all costs. [18] Afghans cross Yamuna Ahmed Shah and his allies on 17 October 1760, broke up from Shahdara, marching south. Taking a calculated risk, Abdali plunged into the river, followed by his bodyguards and troops. Between 23 and 25 October they were able to cross at Baghpat (a small town about 24 miles up the river), unopposed by the Marathas who were still preoccupied with the sacking of Kunjpura. [19] After the Marathas failed to prevent Abdali's forces from crossing the Yamuna River, they set up defensive works in the ground near Panipat, thereby blocking his access back to Afghanistan, just as Abdali's forces blocked theirs to the south. However, on the afternoon of 26 October, Ahmad Shah's advance guard reached Sambalka, about halfway between Sonepat and Panipat, where they encountered the vanguard of the Marathas. A fierce skirmish ensued, in which the Afghans lost 1000 men but drove the Marathas back to their main body, which kept retreating slowly for several days. This led to the partial encirclement of the Maratha army. In skirmishes that followed, Govind Pant Bundele, with 10, 000 light cavalry who weren't formally trained soldiers, was on a foraging mission with about 500 men. They were surprised by an Afghan force near Meerut, and in the ensuing fight, Bundele was killed. This was followed by the loss of a contingent of 2, 000 Maratha soldiers who had left Delhi to deliver money and rations to Panipat. This completed the encirclement, as Ahmad Shah had cut off the Maratha army's supply lines. [20] With supplies and stores dwindling, tensions started rising in the Maratha camp. Initially the Marathas had moved in almost 150 pieces of modern long-range, French-made artillery. With a range of several kilometres, these guns were some of the best of the time. The Marathas' plan was to lure the Afghan army to confront them while they had close artillery support. [21] Preliminary moves During the next two months of the siege, constant skirmishes and duels took place between units from the two sides. In one of these Najib lost 3, 000 of his Rohillas and nearly killed himself. Facing a potential stalemate, Abdali decided to seek terms, which Bhau was willing to consider. However, Najib Khan delayed any chance of an agreement with an appeal on religious grounds and sowed doubt about whether the Marathas would honour any agreement. [22] After the Marathas moved from Kunjpura to Panipat, Diler Khan Marwat, with his father Alam Khan Marwat and a force of 2500 Pashtuns, attacked and took control of Kunjpura, where there was a Maratha garrison of 700–800 soldiers. At that time Atai Khan Baluch, son of the Wazir of Abdali, came from Afghanistan with 10, 000 cavalry and cut off the supplies to the Marathas. [10] The Marathas at Panipat were surrounded by Abdali in the south, Pashtun Tribes (Yousuf Zai, Afridi, Khattak) in the east, Shuja, Atai Khan and others in the north and other Pashtun tribes (Gandapur, Marwat, Durranis and Kakars) in the west. [10] Unable to continue without supplies or wait for reinforcements any longer, Bhau decided to break the siege. His plan was to pulverise the enemy formations with cannon fire and not to employ his cavalry until the Afghans were thoroughly softened up. With the Afghans broken, he would move camp in a defensive formation towards Delhi, where they were assured supplies. [10] Formations With the Maratha chiefs pressurizing Sadashivrao Bhau, to go to battle rather than perish by starvation, on 13 January, the Marathas left their camp before dawn and marched south towards the Afghan camp in a desperate attempt to break the siege. The two armies came face-to-face around 8:00 a. m. [10] The Maratha lines began a little to the north of Kala Amb. They had thus blocked the northward path of Abdali's troops and at the same time were blocked from heading south—in the direction of Delhi, where they could get badly needed supplies—by those same troops. Bhau, with the Peshwa's son and the royal guard (Huzurat), was in the centre. The left wing consisted of the Gardis under Ibrahim Khan. Holkar and Sindhia were on the extreme right. [23] The Maratha line was formed up some 12 km across, with the artillery in front, protected by infantry, pikemen, musketeers and bowmen. The cavalry was instructed to wait behind the artillery and bayonet-wielding musketeers, ready to be thrown in when control of the battlefield had been fully established. Behind this line was another ring of 30, 000 young Maratha soldiers who were not battle-tested, and then the civilians. Many were ordinary men, women and children on their pilgrimage to Hindu holy places and shrines. Behind the civilians was yet another protective infantry line, of young, inexperienced soldiers. [10] On the other side the Afghans formed a somewhat similar line, a few metres to the south of today's Sanauli Road. Their left was being formed by Najib and their right by two brigades of troops. Their left centre was led by two Viziers, Shuja-ud-daulah with 3, 000 soldiers and 50–60 cannons and Ahmad Shah's Vizier Shah Wali with a choice body of 19, 000 mailed Afghan horsemen. [24] The right centre consisted of 15, 000 Rohillas under Hafiz Rahmat and other chiefs of the Rohilla Pathans. Pasand Khan covered the left wing with 5, 000 cavalry, Barkurdar Khan and Amir Beg covered the right with 3, 000 Rohilla cavalry. Long-range musketeers were also present during the battle. In this order the army of Ahmed Shah moved forward, leaving him at his preferred post in the centre, which was now in the rear of the line, from where he could watch and direct the battle. [10] Battle Early phases Before dawn on 14 January 1761, the Maratha troops broke their fast with the last remaining grain in the camp and prepared for combat. They emerged from the trenches, pushing the artillery into position on their prearranged lines, some 2 km from the Afghans. Seeing that the battle was on, Ahmad Shah positioned his 60 smooth-bore cannon and opened fire. [10] The initial attack was led by the Maratha left flank under Ibrahim Khan, who advanced his infantry in formation against the Rohillas and Shah Pasand Khan. The first salvos from the Maratha artillery went over the Afghans' heads and did very little damage. Nevertheless, the first Afghan attack by Najib Khan's Rohillas broken by Maratha bowmen and pikemen, along with a unit of the famed Gardi musketeers stationed close to the artillery positions. The second and subsequent salvos were fired at point-blank range into the Afghan ranks. The resulting carnage sent the Rohillas reeling back to their lines, leaving the battlefield in the hands of Ibrahim for the next three hours, during which the 8, 000 Gardi musketeers killed about 12, 000 Rohillas. [10] In the second phase, Bhau himself led the charge against the left-of-center Afghan forces, under the Afghan Vizier Shah Wali Khan. The sheer force of the attack nearly broke the Afghan lines, and the Afghan soldiers started to desert their positions in the confusion. Desperately trying to rally his forces, Shah Wali appealed to Shuja ud Daulah for assistance. However, the Nawab did not break from his position, effectively splitting the Afghan force's center. Despite Bhau's success, the over-enthusiasm of the charge, the attack didn't achieve complete success as many of the half-starved Maratha mounts were exhausted. [10] Final phase The Marathas, under Scindia, attacked Najib. Najib successfully fought a defensive action, however, keeping Scindia's forces at bay. By noon it looked as though Bhau would clinch victory for the Marathas once again. The Afghan left flank still held its own, but the centre was cut in two and the right was almost destroyed. Ahmad Shah had watched the fortunes of the battle from his tent, guarded by the still unbroken forces on his left. He sent his bodyguards to call up his 15, 000 reserve troops from his camp and arranged them as a column in front of his cavalry of musketeers ( Qizilbash) and 2, 000 swivel-mounted shutarnaals or Ushtranaal—cannons—on the backs of camels. [25] [ page needed] The shaturnals, because of their positioning on camels, could fire an extensive salvo over the heads of their own infantry, at the Maratha cavalry. The Maratha cavalry was unable to withstand the muskets and camel-mounted swivel cannons of the Afghans. They could be fired without the rider having to dismount and were especially effective against fast-moving cavalry. Abdali therefore, sent 500 of his own bodyguards with orders to raise all able-bodied men out of camp and send them to the front. He sent 1, 500 more to punish the front-line troops who attempted to flee the battle and kill without mercy any soldier who would not return to the fight. These extra troops, along with 4, 000 of his reserve troops, went to support the broken ranks of the Rohillas on the right. The remainder of the reserve, 10, 000 strong, were sent to the aid of Shah Wali, still labouring unequally against the Bhau in the centre of the field. These mailed warriors were to charge with the Vizier in close order and at full gallop. Whenever they charged the enemy in front, the chief of the staff and Najib were directed to fall upon either flank. [10] With their own men in the firing line, the Maratha artillery could not respond to the shathurnals and the cavalry charge. Some 7, 000 Maratha cavalry and infantry were killed before the hand-to-hand fighting began at around 14:00 hrs. By 16:00 hrs, the tired Maratha infantry began to succumb to the onslaught of attacks from fresh Afghan reserves, protected by armoured leather jackets. [10] Outflanked Sadashiv Rao Bhau who had not kept any reserves, seeing his forward lines dwindling, civilians behind and upon seeing Vishwasrao disappear in the midst of the fighting, felt he had no choice but to come down from his elephant and lead the battle. [1] Taking advantage of this, the Afghan soldiers who had been captured by the Marathas earlier during the siege of Kunjpura revolted. The prisoners unwrapped their green belts and wore them as turbans to impersonate the troops of the Durrani Empire and began attacking from within. This brought confusion and great consternation to the Maratha soldiers, who thought that the enemy had attacked from the rear. Some Maratha troops, seeing that their general had disappeared from his elephant, panicked and scattered in disarray. [10] Abdali had given a part of his army the task of surrounding and killing the Gardis, who were at the leftmost part of the Maratha army. Bhausaheb had ordered Vitthal Vinchurkar (with 1500 cavalry) and Damaji Gaikwad (with 2500 cavalry) to protect the Gardis. However, after seeing the Gardis having no clearing for directing their cannon fire at the enemy troops, they lost their patience and decided to fight the Rohillas themselves. Thus, they broke their position and went all out on the Rohillas. The Rohilla riflemen started accurately firing at the Maratha cavalry, which was equipped only with swords. This gave the Rohillas the opportunity to encircle the Gardis and outflank the Maratha centre while Shah Wali pressed on attacking the front. Thus the Gardis were left defenseless and started falling one by one. [10] Vishwasrao had already been killed by a shot to the head. Bhau and his royal Guard fought till the end, the Maratha leader having three horses shot out from under him. At this stage, Holkar, realising the battle was lost, broke from the Maratha left flank and retreated. [1] The Maratha front lines remained largely intact, with some of their artillery units fighting until sunset. Choosing not to launch a night attack, many Maratha troops escaped that night. Bhau's wife Parvatibai, who was assisting in the administration of the Maratha camp, escaped to Pune with her bodyguard, Janu Bhintada. Some 15, 000 soldiers managed to reach Gwalior. [1] Reasons for the outcome Durrani had both numeric as well as qualitative superiority over Marathas. The combined Afghan army was much larger than that of Marathas. Though the infantry of Marathas was organized along European lines and their army had some of the best French-made guns of the time, their artillery was static and lacked mobility against the fast-moving Afghan forces. The heavy mounted artillery of Afghans proved much better in the battlefield than the light artillery of Marathas. [26] [ page needed] None of the other Hindu Kings joined forces to fight Abdali. Allies of Abdali, namely, Najib, Shuja and the Rohillas knew North India very well. He was also diplomatic, striking agreements with Hindu leaders, especially the Jats and Rajputs, and former rivals like the Nawab of Awadh, appealing to him in the name of religion. [10] Moreover, the senior Maratha chiefs constantly bickered with one another. Each had ambitions of carving out their independent states and had no interest in fighting against a common enemy. [27] Some of them did not support the idea of a pitched battle and wanted to fight using guerrilla tactics instead of charging the enemy head-on. [28] The Marathas were fighting alone at a place which was 1000 miles away from their capital Pune. [29] Raghunathrao was supposed to go north to reinforce the army. Raghunathrao asked for large amount of wealth and troops, which was denied by Sadashivrao Bhau, his cousin and Diwan of Peshwa, so he declined to go. [12] Sadashivrao Bhau was there upon made commander in chief of the Maratha Army, under whom the Battle of Panipat was fought. Some historians have opined, that Peshwa's decision to appoint Sadashivrao Bhau as the Supreme Commander instead of Malharrao Holkar or Raghunathrao proved to be an unfortunate one, as Sadashivrao was totally ignorant of the political and military situation in North India. [30] If Holkar had remained in the battlefield, the Maratha defeat would have been delayed but not averted. Ahmad Shah's superiority in pitched battle could have been negated if the Marathas had conducted their traditional ganimi kava, or guerrilla warfare, as advised by Malharrao Holkar, in Punjab and in north India. Abdali was in no position to maintain his field army in India indefinitely. [28] Massacres after the battle The Afghan cavalry and pikemen ran wild through the streets of Panipat, killing tens of thousands of Maratha soldiers and civilians. [7] [8] The women and children seeking refuge in streets of Panipat were hounded back in Afghan camps as slaves. Children over 14 were beheaded before their own mothers and sisters. Afghan officers who had lost their kin in battle were permitted to carry out massacres of 'infidel' Hindus the next day also, in Panipat and the surrounding area. [31] They arranged victory mounds of severed heads outside their camps. According to the single best eyewitness chronicle – the bakhar by Shuja-ud-Daula 's Diwan Kashi Raj – about 40, 000 Maratha prisoners were slaughtered in cold blood the day after the battle. [7] [8] According to Hamilton, a reporter of the Bombay Gazette about half a million Marathi people were present there in Panipat town and he gives a figure of 40, 000 prisoners as executed by Afghans. [7] [8] Many of the fleeing Maratha women jumped into the Panipat wells rather than risk rape and dishonour. [31] All of the prisoners were transported on bullock carts, camels and elephants in bamboo cages. [31] Siyar-ut-Mutakhirin says: [31] The unhappy prisoners were paraded in long lines, given a little parched grain and a drink of water, and beheaded... and the women and children who survived were driven off as slaves – twenty-two thousand, many of them of the highest rank in the land. Aftermath Mahadaji Shinde restored the Maratha domination on northern India, within a decade after the war. The bodies of Vishwasrao and Bhau were recovered by the Marathas and were cremated according to their custom. [32] Bhau's wife Parvatibai was saved by Holkar, per the directions of Bhau, and eventually returned to Pune. Peshwa Balaji Baji Rao, uninformed about the state of his army, was crossing the Narmada with reinforcements when he heard of the defeat. He returned to Pune and never recovered from the shock of the debacle at Panipat. [1] According to Shuresh Sharma, "It was Balaji Bajirao's love of pleasure which was responsible for Panipat. He delayed at Paithan celebrating his second marriage until December 27, when it was too late. " [33] Jankoji Scindia was taken prisoner and executed at the instigation of Najib. Ibrahim Khan Gardi was tortured and executed by enraged Afghan soldiers. [32] The Marathas never fully recovered from the loss at Panipat, but they remained the predominant military power & the largest empire in the Indian subcontinent and managed to retake Delhi 10 years later. However, their claim over all of India ended with the three Anglo-Maratha Wars, almost 50 years after Panipat, in the early 1800s. [34] The Jats under Suraj Mal benefited significantly from not participating in the Battle of Panipat. They provided considerable assistance to the Maratha soldiers and civilians who escaped the fighting. [35] Ahmad Shah's victory left him, in the short term, the undisputed master of North India. However, his alliance quickly unravelled amidst squabbles between his generals and other princes, the increasing restlessness of his soldiers over pay, the increasing Indian heat and arrival of the news that Marathas had organised another 100, 000 men in the south to avenge their loss and rescue captured prisoners. [ citation needed] Though Abdali won the battle, he also had heavy casualties on his side and sought peace with the Marathas. Abdali sent a letter to Nanasaheb Peshwa (who was moving towards Delhi, albeit at a very slow pace to join Bhau against Abdali) appealing to the Peshwa that he was not the one who attacked Bhau and was just defending himself. Abdali wrote in his letter to Peshwa on 10 February 1761: [36] There is no reason to have animosity amongst us. Your son Vishwasrao and your brother Sadashivrao died in battle, was unfortunate. Bhau started the battle, so I had to fight back unwillingly. Yet I feel sorry for his death. Please continue your guardianship of Delhi as before, to that I have no opposition. Only let Punjab until Sutlaj remain with us. Reinstate Shah Alam on Delhi's throne as you did before and let there be peace and friendship between us, this is my ardent desire. Grant me that desire. These circumstances made Abdali leave India at the earliest. Before departing, he ordered the Indian chiefs, through a Royal Firman (order) (including Clive of India), to recognise Shah Alam II as Emperor. [37] Map of India in 1765, before the fall of Nawabs and Princely states nominally allied to the emperor (mainly in Green). Ahmad Shah also appointed Najib-ud-Daula as ostensible regent to the Mughal Emperor. In addition, Najib and Munir-ud-daulah agreed to pay to Abdali, on behalf of the Mughal king, an annual tribute of four million rupees. [37] This was to be Ahmad Shah's final major expedition to North India, as the losses in the battle left him without the capacity to wage any further war against the Marathas, and as he became increasingly preoccupied with the rise of the Sikhs. [38] [ page needed] Abdali never recovered from the pyrrhic victory and his losses left him weakened and unable to control his dominions leading to the rise of the Sikh Empire. Shah Shuja's forces (including Persian advisers) played a decisive role in collecting intelligence against the Hindu forces and was notorious in ambushing the leading in hundreds of casualties. [39] After the Battle of Panipat the services of the Rohillas were rewarded by grants of Shikohabad to Nawab Faiz-ullah Khan and of Jalesar and Firozabad to Nawab Sadullah Khan. Najib Khan proved to be an effective ruler. However, after his death in 1770, the Rohillas were defeated by the British East India Company. [ citation needed] Najib died on 30 October 1770. [40] Legacy The valour displayed by the Marathas was praised by Ahmad Shah Abdali. [41] The Marathas fought with the greatest valour which was beyond the capacity of other races. These dauntless blood-shedders didn't fall short in fighting and doing glorious deeds. But ultimately we won with our superior tactics and with the grace of the Divine Lord. The Third Battle of Panipat saw an enormous number of deaths and injuries in a single day of battle. It was the last major battle between South Asian-headed military powers until the creation of Pakistan and India in 1947. To save their kingdom, the Mughals once again changed sides and welcomed the Afghans to Delhi. The Mughals remained in nominal control over small areas of India but were never a force again. The empire officially ended in 1857 when its last emperor, Bahadur Shah II, was accused of being involved in the Sepoy Mutiny and exiled. The Marathas' expansion was delayed due to the battle, and the damage done to the Maratha morale from the initial defeat caused infighting to break out within the empire. They recovered their position under the next Peshwa Madhavrao I and were back in control of the north, finally occupying Delhi by 1771. However, after the death of Madhavrao, due to incessant infighting and external aggression from British imperialist forces, their claims to empire only officially ended in 1818 after three wars with the British East India Company. Meanwhile, the Sikhs—whose rebellion was the original reason Ahmad invaded—were left largely untouched by the battle. They soon retook Lahore. When Ahmad Shah returned in March 1764 he was forced to break off his siege after only two weeks due to a rebellion in Afghanistan. He returned again in 1767 but was unable to win any decisive battle. With his own troops complaining about not being paid, he eventually lost the region to the Sikh Khalsa Raj, who remained in control until 1849 when it was annexed by British East India Company. The battle was referred to in Rudyard Kipling 's poem "With Scindia to Delhi". Our hands and scarfs were saffron-dyed for signal of despair, When we went forth to Paniput to battle with the ~Mlech~, Ere we came back from Paniput and left a kingdom there. It is, however, also remembered as a scene of valour on both sides. Ataikhan, the adopted son of the wazir, was said to have been killed during this time when Yashwantrao Pawar climbed atop his elephant and struck him down. [42] [43] Santaji Wagh's corpse was found with over 40 mortal wounds. The bravery of Vishwas Rao, the Peshwa's son, and Sadashiv Bhau was acknowledged even by the Afghans. [44] In popular culture Bangali Poet Kaykobad wrote a long poem Mahashmashan based on this battle. Bengali writer, playwright Munier Choudhury ’s play Roktakto Prantor(1959) is based on the third battle of Panipat. The film Panipat, directed by director Ashutosh Gowariker, starring Arjun Kapoor, Sanjay Dutt and Kriti Sanon is based on the Third Battle of Panipat. The film released on December 6, 2019. [45] See also First Battle of Panipat Second Battle of Panipat Battle of Sialkot (1761) Battle of Gujranwala (1761) References ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Kaushik Roy, India's Historic Battles: From Alexander the Great to Kargil, (Orient Longman, 2004), 90. ^ a b c d e f Sharma, Suresh K. (2006). Haryana: Past and Present. ISBN 9788183240468. ^ Kulke, Hermann; Rothermund, Dietmar (2004). A History of India. ISBN 9780415329194. ^ History. ISBN 9788187139690. ^ a b c d e f g h i Roy, Kaushik (2004). India's Historic Battles: From Alexander the Great to Kargil. pp. 84–85-93. ^ "Third Battle of Panipat (1761) | Panipat, Haryana". ^ a b c d e James Grant Duff "History of the Mahrattas, Vol II (Ch. 5), Printed for Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green, 1826" ^ a b c d e T. S. Shejwalkar, "Panipat 1761" (in Marathi and English) Deccan College Monograph Series. I., Pune (1946) ^ Black, Jeremy (2002). Warfare In The Eighteenth Century. Cassell. ISBN 978-0304362127. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Shejwalkar, Trimbak. Panipat 1761. ISBN 9788174346421. ^ ^ a b Raghunathrao ^ Keene, H. G. The Fall of the Moghul Empire of Hindustan. VI. pp. 80–81. ^ Agrawal, Ashvini (1983). "Events leading to the Battle of Panipat". Studies in Mughal History. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 26. ISBN 978-8120823266. ^ Robinson, Howard; James Thomson Shotwell (1922). Mogul Empire. The Development of the British Empire. Houghton Mifflin. p. 91. CS1 maint: uses authors parameter ( link) ^ Agrawal, Ashvini (1983). p. 26. ISBN 8120823265. ^ Also see Syed Altaf Ali Brelvi, Life of Hafiz Rahmat Khan. pp. 108–09. ^ Lateef, S M. "History of the Punjab". p. 235. ^ Shejwalkar, Trimbak. ISBN 9788174346421. ^ Rawlinson, H. G (1926). An Account Of The Last Battle of Panipat. Oxford University Press. ^ Rawlinson, H. (1926). Oxford University Press. ^ Keene, H. (1887). Part I, Chapter VI: The Fall of the Moghul Empire of Hindustan. ^ War Elephants Written by Konstantin Nossov, Illustrated by Peter Dennis Format: Trade Paperback ISBN 978-1-84603-268-4 ^ Chandra, Satish (2004). "Later Mughals". Medieval India: From Sultanate to the Mughals Part II. Har-Anand. ISBN 978-81-241-1066-9. ^ James Rapson, Edward; Wolseley Haig; Richard Burn; Henry Dodwell; Robert Eric Mortimer Wheeler (1937). The Cambridge History of India: The Mughul period, planned by W. Haig. 4. Cambridge University Press. p. 448. ^ a b Roy, Kaushik (2004). Orient Blackswan. ISBN 978-8-17824-109-8. ^ "250 years on, Battle of Panipat revisited". 13 January 2011. Retrieved 26 March 2012. ^ Claude Markovits, A history of modern India, 1480–1950. 207. ^ a b c d Rawlinson, H. (1937). Cambridge History of India. IV. p. 424 + note. ^ a b Barua, Pradeep (1994). "Military Developments in India, 1750–1850". Journal of Military History. 58 (4): 599–616. doi: 10. 2307/2944270. JSTOR 2944270. ^ Sharma, Suresh K. Mittal Publications. p. 173. ISBN 9788183240468. Retrieved 7 March 2019. ^ Sarkar, Jadunath (1950). Fall of the Mughal Empire. Longmans. p. 235. ^ K. R. Qanungo, History of the Jats, Ed Dr Vir Singh, Delhi, 2003, p. 83 ^ G S Sardesai's Marathi Riyasat, volume 2. "The reference for this letter as given by Sardesai in Riyasat – Peshwe Daftar letters 2. 103, 146; 21. 206; 1. 202, 207, 210, 213; 29, 42, 54, and 39. 161. Satara Daftar – document number 2. 301, Shejwalkar's Panipat, page no. 99. Moropanta's account – 1. 1, 6, 7". ^ a b Mohsini, Haroon. "Invasions of Ahmad Shah Abdali". Archived from the original on 13 August 2007. Retrieved 13 August 2007. ^ MacLeod, John (2002). The History of India. Greenwood Press. ^ Rule of Shah Alam, 1759–1806 The Imperial Gazetteer of India, 1909, v. 2, p. 411. ^ Rule of Shah Alam, 1759–1806 The Imperial Gazetteer of India, 1909, v. 2, p. 411. ^ "The lost Marathas of third battle of Panipat". India Today. 12 January 2012. Retrieved 5 April 2017. ^ "India_Modern_Peshwas04". ^ "Pilgrimage to Panipat". This was a revenge on behalf of the sikhs too as this same was Ataikhan was the killer of Baba Deep Singhji & desecrator of Harmandir Sahib in 1757. ^ Rao, S. "Walking the streets of Panipat". Indian Oil News. Archived from the original on 28 April 2008. Retrieved 8 April 2008. ^ [1] Further reading H. Rawlinson, An Account Of The Last Battle of Panipat and of the Events Leading To It, Hesperides Press (2006) ISBN 978-1-4067-2625-1 Vishwas Patil, Panipat – a novel based on the 3rd battle of Panipat, Venus (1990) Uday S. Kulkarni, A Non Fiction book – 'Solstice at Panipat – 14 January 1761' Mula-Mutha Publishers, Pune (2011). ISBN 978-81-921080-0-1 An Authentic Account of the Campaign of Panipat. Third Battle of Panipat by Abhas Verma ISBN 9788180903397 Bharatiya Kala Prakashana External links Panipat War memorial Pictures District Panipat Was late mediaeval India ready for a Revolution in Military Affairs? Part II Airavat Singh Detailed genealogy of the Durrani dynasty Historical maps of India in the 18th century.
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Battles of Panipat, (1526, 1556, 1761), three military engagements, important in the history of northern India, fought at Panipat, a level plain suitable for cavalry movements, about 50 miles (80 km) north of Delhi. First Battle of Panipat (1526) An overwhelmingly outnumbered Mughal force prevailed at Panipat. This was due to the resourcefulness of its commander, Babur, demonstrated in his use of field fortifications and his instinctive sense of the value of the firepower of gunpowder. The victory enabled him to lay the foundations for the Indian Mughal Empire. Babur's Mosque Babur's Mosque, Panipat, northwestern India. Catherine B. Asher A descendant of Timur, Babur became a refugee at the age of twelve when the Uzbeks seized Samarkand in 1494. At age fifteen he was back with his own warband. He laid siege to his home city, but without success. Undaunted, he headed south into Afghanistan. Capturing Kabul in 1504, he made it his base for raids into Central Asia’s Transoxania region. Increasingly, however, he found himself tempted by the unimaginable wealth of India. In the years that followed, he mounted a series of incursions into the Punjab. These territories had for three centuries belonged to a Muslim empire, the Delhi sultanate. Although its prestige had been badly damaged by Timur’s triumph of 1398, it remained a powerful presence in northern India. At this time, the sultanate was under the control of an Afghan elite. A capricious and divisive ruler, Sultan Ibrahim Lodi had alienated many of his nobles. It was indeed a local lord in Hindustan who, in 1523, invited Babur to undertake a full-scale invasion. Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. Subscribe today Although he clearly was attracted by the idea of invasion, Babur was in no hurry. His army numbered only 10, 000 men, so he made sure that they were well equipped and superbly trained before committing to his assault on Hindustan. He took the time to train them in the use of gunpowder weapons, while making sure their skills in traditional steppe warfare were not neglected. Only at the end of 1525 did he embark on his invasion. His army swept aside the Afghan force that marched out to meet it, so Sultan Ibrahim himself led a second army into the field, taking up a position at Panipat, to the north of Delhi. On 12 April 1526, Babur found himself confronted with an enormous multitude: 100, 000 men and 1, 000 elephants. Unfazed, he set about constructing an impromptu fortress on the open plain, tying 700 carts together and fronting them with earthen ramparts as protection for his cannon and for his musketeers with their matchlocks. As the days passed and a hesitant Sultan Ibrahim stayed his attack, Babur was able to consolidate his position still further. He dug trenches and felled trees, constructing barriers to the left and right, while leaving gaps through which his cavalry could charge. On 21 April, Ibrahim finally made his move. His troops surged forward, only to be brought up short by Babur’s fortifications. As they milled about in confusion, the Mughal cavalry came wheeling in from the wings: the sultan’s force was effectively surrounded. At this point, Babur’s gunners opened up their bombardment from behind their barrier, firing at point-blank range into this close-packed mass. Unable either to advance or retreat, the Afghan army was cut down cruelly. Not only was Babur now the undisputed ruler of Hindustan, but also the road to Delhi and the domains of the sultanate lay wide open. On the basis of this victory, he was able to establish a glorious new ruling line. In honor of its founder’s Timurid origins—and of the Mongol antecedents of Timur himself—this was to be known as the Mughal, or Mogul, dynasty. This victory marked the beginning of the Mughal Empire in India. Losses: Mughal, unknown; Afghan, 20, 000–50, 000. Second and Third Battles of Panipat (1556, 1761) The Mughal Empire’s expansion, stalled after the death of its founder Babur in 1530, began anew under Babur’s grandson, Akbar. Fighting on a field that had proved so propitious for his grandfather, the young Akbar won a vital victory over the powerful Hindu ruler, Hemu. Babur’s son Humayun had encountered serious setbacks, even losing his kingdom after it was conquered by the Pashtun warlord Sher Shah Suri in 1540. Rebuilding his forces in exile, he eventually took back his realms fifteen years later, leaving his son and successor, Akbar, with a great empire. Humāyūn's Tomb Humāyūn's Tomb, commissioned by Ḥamīdah Bānū Begam in 1569 and designed by Mīrak Mīrzā Ghiyās̄, in Delhi, India. © Rudolf Tepfenhart/Fotolia To the east of Akbar’s realms, the Suri general Hemu had set himself up as a strongman ruler; calling himself a king, he built a powerbase in Bengal. Aged just thirteen, Akbar seemed singularly ill-equipped to cope with this threat. However, he had rare gifts—and the support of his guardian, the accomplished general Bairam Khan. Hemu had unstoppable momentum, it seemed—having already taken Agra and the strategic fortress of Tughlaqabad, in October 1556 he captured Delhi. Too late to save the city, Akbar’s army let it go and stopped on the plains to the north, at Panipat. On 5 November 1556, the scene was set for the Second Battle of Panipat. Repeated elephant charges failed to break the resolve of the outnumbered Mughal soldiers. An inspiring figure, Hemu led from the front, perched high up on an elephant, an important talisman for his troops. He was also a tempting target for the Mughal archers, and initially they showered him with shafts to no avail, so impregnable was the headto-foot armor he was wearing. Eventually, though, one arrow found its way in through an eye-slit and killed him. Seeing their leader fall, the Hindus broke and fled. The third battle (Jan. 14, 1761) ended the Maratha attempt to succeed the Mughals as rulers of India and marked the virtual end of the Mughal empire. The Maratha army, under the Bhao Sahib, uncle of the peshwa (chief minister), was trapped and destroyed by the Afghan chief Aḥmad Shah Durrānī. Following the decline of the Mughal Empire after the death of Emperor Aurangzeb, the Maratha Confederacy had expanded rapidly, threatening the Afghan Durrani Empire, ruled by Ahmad Shah Durrani. Ahmad declared a jihad and launched a campaign that captured large parts of the Punjab. The Marathas responded by raising a large army, under the command of Sadashivrao Bhau, and recaptured Delhi. Ahmad’s campaign was aimed at starving the Maratha army of its supplies. At the same time, he led an army of 40, 000 into the south to trap the Maratha army in the Punjab. Cut off and starving, Bhau decided to break Ahmad’s blockade, spawning the two armies to face off at Panipat. The former attempted to pulverize the latter’s army with a massive artillery bombardment and then utilize his superiority in numbers to break the Durrani blockade and move south in a defensive posture. However, he was undermined by rivalries within his ranks and the need to protect many civilians. Durrani launched a surprise attack before the artillery had inflicted serious damage and Bhau’s nephew was killed. The Maratha commander entered the battle to recover his nephew’s body, but his troops thought him dead and their morale plummeted. The smaller Durrani army took advantage and routed them. Bhau escaped, to die sometime later, but the Maratha army had been destroyed and the unity of the empire was broken. This began 40 years of anarchy in northwestern India and cleared the way for later British supremacy. Losses: Maratha, 40, 000 casualties and 30, 000 captured of 80, 000; Durrani, 5, 000 casualties of 40, 000–75, 000. Tony Bunting Michael Kerrigan.
Panipat Theatrical release poster Directed by Ashutosh Gowariker Produced by Sunita Gowariker Rohit Shelatkar Written by Ashok Chakradhar (dialogue) Screenplay by Chandrashekhar Dhavalikar Ranjeet Bahadur Aditya Rawal Ashutosh Gowariker Starring Arjun Kapoor Sanjay Dutt Kriti Sanon Music by Ajay−Atul Cinematography C. K. Muraleedharan Edited by Steven Bernard Production company Ashutosh Gowariker Productions Vision World Films Distributed by Reliance Entertainment Release date 6 December 2019 Running time 162 minutes [1] Country India Language Hindi Budget ₹100 crore [2] Box office est. ₹49. 29 crore [3] Panipat is a 2019 Indian Hindi -language epic war film directed by Ashutosh Gowarikar. [4] Starring Arjun Kapoor, Sanjay Dutt and Kriti Sanon in the lead roles, it depicts the events that took place during the Third Battle of Panipat. The film was theatrically released in India on 6 December 2019. [5] [6] The film was unsuccessful at the box office. [7] Premise [ edit] In the 18th century, the Maratha empire reached its territorial peak. However, their happiness is short lived as the Afghan King Ahmad Shah Abdali plans to take over India and the Maratha Peshwa Nanasaheb orders Sadashiv Rao Bhau to stop him at any cost, thus leading to the Third Battle of Panipat between the two armies. Cast [ edit] Arjun Kapoor as Sadashiv Rao Bhau Sanjay Dutt as Ahmad Shah Abdali Kriti Sanon as Parvati Bai Karmveer Choudhary as Maharaja Surajmal Mohnish Bahl as Nana Saheb Peshwa Padmini Kolhapure as Gopika Bai Zeenat Aman as Sakina Begum Sahil Salathia as Shamsher Bahadur Kunal Kapoor as Shuja-ud-Daula Mir Sarwar as Imad-ul-Mulk Milind Gunaji as Dattaji Shinde Abhishek Nigam as Vishwas Rao Ravindra Mahajani as Malhar Rao Holkar Gashmeer Mahajani as Jankoji Shinde Nawab Shah as Ibrahim Khan Gardi Mantra as Najib-Ud-Daula Suhasini Mulay as Radhabai S. M Zaheer as Mughal Emperor Alamgir Arun Bali as Ala Singh Karmveer Choudhary as King Suraj Mal Paresh Shukla as Govind Pant Bundela Pradeep Patvardhan as Lingoji Narayan Krutika Deo as Radhikabai Vinita Mahesh as Mehrambai Archana Nipankar as Anandibai Shailesh Datar as Pant Dyanesh Wadkar as Balaji Mehendale Shyam Mashalkar as Bhanu Production [ edit] Development [ edit] National Award winning art director Nitin Chandrakant Desai recreated the majestic Shaniwar Wada at ND Studios, Karjat. [8] Neeta Lulla has designed the costumes. [9] Padmini Kolhapure joined the cast in October 2018 as Gopika Bai. [10] In June 2019, Zeenat Aman joined the cast to portray Sakina Begum. [11] Filming [ edit] On 30 November 2018, Gowariker and the cast tweeted a promotional poster to announce the beginning of principal photography. [12] On 30 June 2019, Sanon wrapped up shoot by posting pictures and notes for Gowariker and Kapoor. [13] Soundtrack [ edit] Panipat Soundtrack album by Ajay−Atul Released 28 November 2019 [14] Genre Feature film soundtrack Length 16: 48 Label Zee Music Company Producer Ajay−Atul Ajay−Atul chronology Super 30 (2019) Panipat (2019) Tanhaji (2020) External audio Official Audio Jukebox on YouTube Ajay Atul are composing the music for the film. The songs are written by Javed Akhtar. [15] [16] Track list No. Title Singer(s) Length 1. "Mard Maratha" Ajay−Atul, Sudesh Bhosle, Kunal Ganjawala, Swapnil Bandodkar, Padmanabh Gaikwad, Priyanka Barve 6:05 2. "Mann Mein Shiva" Kunal Ganjawala, Deepanshi Nagar, Padmanabh Gaikwad 5:17 3. "Sapna Hai Sach Hai" Abhay Jodhpurkar, Shreya Ghoshal 5:26 Total length: 16:48 Marketing and release [ edit] The first teaser poster was released on 15 March 2018. [17] On 5 November 2019, the official trailer of the film was launched by Reliance Entertainment. [18] The film was released on 6 December 2019. Reception [ edit] Critical reception [ edit] Monika Rawal Kukreja of Hindustan Times wrote "Panipat is an honest attempt at recreating the war that we only read in history books until now. It’s a tribute to the Maratha community in its truest form and even it was shorter by an hour, it could have had the same impact". [19] The Times of India gave 3. 5 out of 5 stars stating "‘Panipat’ delves into a significant chapter in history and is a war drama that lauds the unshakable bravery, courage and the strong principles of the Maratha's". [20] India Today gave 2. 5 out of 5 stars stating "Ashutosh Gowariker may not be able to do grandeur like Sanjay Leela Bhansali, but he can do war. Yet, a lacklustre cinematography and terrible CGI mars this solid attempt. It would have worked 10 years ago". [21] Namrata Joshi of The Hindu wrote "Gowariker may have taken liberties with history, but doesn’t play around with the form. He sticks to the tried and tested, the long and langourous and old-fashioned". [22] Bollywood Hungama gave 3 out of 5 stars stating "PANIPAT throws light on an important chapter of Indian history with the battle scenes as its USP". [23] Zee News gave 3 out of 5 stars stating "The film is a great effort by Gowariker and deserves to be watched for some impeccable performances and adrenaline-pumping action". [24] CNN-News18 gave 2. 5 out of 5 stars stating "Panipat, a film about Maratha warrior Sadashiv Rao Bhau who staves off Afghan ruler Ahmad Shah Abdali, disappoints only because of a linear screenplay that fails to rouse dramatic emotions so important to historicals". [25] NDTV gave 2 out of 5 stars stating "The burden on Arjun Kapoor is too heavy for him though he rises manfully to the challenge. Panipat definitely isn't Mohenjo Daro. But is that saying much? It will take three hours of your life and a whole lot of patience to sit through this laboured film". [26] Deccan Chronicle gave 2. 5 out of 5 stars stating "Directors like Gowariker do no service to the nation or their audience by twisting the truth, ignoring military, diplomatic, common sense follies and rewriting history with jingoistic fervour". [27] BBC News and Al Jazeera reported that the film received criticism from different parts of the world, especially from Afghanistan since Ahmad Shah Abdali is the national hero and the founder of modern day Afghanistan. [28] [29] Afghan viewers pointed that the film's portrayal of Abdali was that of an Arab, rather than an Afghan. Critics linked the rising number of Bollywood films with negative Muslim characters, such as the portrayal of Alauddin Khilji as a cruel and vicious ruler in the film Padmaavat, as an attempt by the industry executives to align with India's ruling Bharatiya Janata Party, a Hindu nationalist party led by Prime Minister Narendra Modi. [28] The Panipat trailer depicted Ahmed Shah Durrani as ruthless and brutal ruler [30] and Afghans as 'battle-hardened, blood-thirsty savages'. [31] While the film presented Marathas as 'sophisticated and righteous'. [31] Consul General of Afghanistan in Mumbai, Naseem Sharifi, said that 'Afghans would not tolerate any insult to Ahmad Shah Durrani'. Afghan journalists stated that the film will create more Islamophobia and racism towards Afghans. The Telegraph India reported that films like Padmaavat (2018), Kesari (2019) and Panipat have stereotyped and vilified Afghans as brutal, cold-blooded and treacherous. [32] Afghanistan's Ambassador to India, Tahir Qadiri, claimed that he was in contact with Indian officials and have shared the Afghan concerns with them. Ajmal Alamzai, cultural attache at the Afghan embassy in New Delhi, claimed that he had made several unsuccessful attempts to contact the director of the film. Pajhwok Afghan News reported that the Panipat film trailer depicted the Maratha Empire as victorious in the Third Battle of Panipat despite the fact that it was Ahmad Shah Durrani, who had won the battle. [33] Khaama Press, another Afghan newspaper, reported that some Afghan social media users have welcomed the film as reality while others criticised it and claimed that parts of history has been forged in favour of specific groups. [34] Box office [ edit] Panipat ' s opening day domestic collection was ₹ 4. 12 crore. On the second day, the film collected ₹5. 78 crore. On the third day, the film collected ₹7. 78 crore, taking the total opening weekend collection to ₹17. 68 crore. [3] As of 10 January 2020, with a gross of ₹ 40. 81 crore in India and ₹ 8. 48 crore overseas, the film has a worldwide gross collection of ₹ 49. 29 crore. [3] References [ edit] ^ "EXCLUSIVE: Panipat makers opt for self-censorship; REMOVE 11 minutes of controversial content". Bollywood Hungama. Retrieved 12 December 2019. ^ "Panipat box office collection Day 1: Arjun Kapoor and Sanjay Dutt film earns Rs 4. 12 crore". India Today. Retrieved 8 December 2019. ^ a b c "Panipat Box Office". Retrieved 11 January 2020. ^ "Ashutosh Gowariker to make film on the Third Battle of Panipat". The Times of India. ^ "Kriti Sanon: Excited to share work space with Sanjay Dutt". The Times of India. ^ "Ashutosh Gowariker's period drama 'Panipat' first poster is out". Connect Gujarat. November 2019. Retrieved 4 November 2019. ^ " ' Panipat' box office collection day 5: Arjun Kapoor, Kriti Sanon and Sanjay Dutt's periodic drama fails to impress the audience". Times of India. 11 December 2020. Retrieved 2 January 2020. ^ "Ashutosh Gowariker To Recreate Shaniwar Wada for Panipat". Koimoi. 19 April 2018. ^ "Neeta Lulla to design costumes for Ashutosh Gowariker's 'Panipat ' ". The Times of India. ^ "Padmini Kolhapure joins Arjun Kapoor, Kriti Sanon, Sanjay Dutt in Ashutosh Gowariker's Panipat". Firstpost. ^ DelhiJune 17, India Today Web Desk New; June 17, 2019UPDATED; Ist, 2019 12:22. "Veteran actress Zeenat Aman joins cast of Ashutosh Gowariker's Panipat. Details here". Retrieved 30 June 2019. ^ "Panipat: Sanjay Dutt, Arjun Kapoor and Kriti Sanon starrer goes on floors". Zee News. ^ "Kriti Sanon wraps up the shoot of Panipat; shares a note thanking Arjun Kapoor and Ashutosh Gowariker | Bollywood News".. Retrieved 30 June 2019. ^ "Panipat - Original Motion Picture Soundtrack". Jio Saavn. ^ "Ajay-Atul to create music for 'Panipat ' ". Deccan Chronicle. ^ "Javed Akhtar to pen lyrics for Ashutosh Gowariker's 'Panipat ' ". The Times of India. ^ "Panipat teaser poster: Ashutosh Gowariker announces next film with Kriti Sanon, Arjun Kapoor and Sanjay Dutt". Firstpost. ^ Reliance Entertainment (5 November 2019). "Panipat - Official Trailer - Sanjay Dutt, Arjun Kapoor, Kriti Sanon - Ashutosh Gowariker - Dec 6". Retrieved 5 November 2019 – via YouTube. ^ "Manmadhudu 2 movie review: Nagarjuna, Rakul Preet starrer is a hopelessly bad rom-com". Hindustan Times. 6 December 2019. Retrieved 7 December 2019. ^ "Panipat Movie Review: A Layered, Detailed War Drama". Retrieved 7 December 2019. ^ "Panipat Movie Review: Arjun Kapoor, Sanjay Dutt and Kriti Sanon film is a brave attempt". Retrieved 7 December 2019. ^ Joshi, Namrata (6 December 2019). " ' Panipat' movie review: Sticks to the tried-and-tested format, but falls short of its ambition". The Hindu. Retrieved 7 December 2019. ^ "Panipat Movie Review". Retrieved 7 December 2019. ^ "Panipat movie review: Kriti Sanon outshines Arjun Kapoor, Sanjay Dutt in epic saga". Zee News. Retrieved 7 December 2019. ^ "Panipat Movie Review: Ashutosh Gowariker's Simplistic Approach Fails to Meet Expectations". CNN-News18. Retrieved 7 December 2019. ^ "Panipat Movie Review: Arjun Kapoor's Film Perks Up A Tad When Sanjay Dutt Surfaces". NDTV. Retrieved 7 December 2019. ^ "Panipat movie review: Rewriting historical defeats with patriotic fervour". Deccan Chronicle. Retrieved 7 December 2019. ^ a b "Panipat: The Bollywood battle over an 18th Century war". BBC. 8 December 2019. Retrieved 11 December 2019. ^ "Bollywood's Panipat irks Afghans over founding father's portrayal". Al Jazeera. 17 December 2019. Retrieved 7 December 2019. ^ Sangeeta Nair (8 November 2019). "Panipat Movie controversy: Can Ahmad Shah Abdali's portrayal impact Indo-Afghan ties? ". ^ a b "Afghans Unhappy With Movie Panipat Over Vilifying Ahmad Shah Abdali". Eurasian Times. 7 November 2019. ^ "Vilifying Afghans in Bollywood". The Telegraph India. 6 November 2019. ^ "New Indian movie on Panipat battle roils Afghans". Pajhwok Afghan News. 6 November 2019. Archived from the original on 6 November 2019. ^ "The upcoming Bollywood movie 'Panipat' sparks anger among the Pashtun's of Afghanistan". Khaama Press. 6 November 2019. Further reading [ edit] Vetticad, Anna MM (6 December 2019). "Panipat movie review: Ashutosh Gowariker tweaks history into a Maratha fan fantasy sans Bhansali's insidious intent". First Post. External links [ edit] Panipat on IMDb Panipat on Bollywood Hungama Panipat at Rotten Tomatoes.
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Panipat the great betrayal. It's not 6 September its 6 December 2019. Panipat: the great betrayal movies. 1:27 😂😂😂😂. Panipat the great betrayal movie download. Panipat: the great betrayal video. Panipat the great betrayal full movie. So I took the courage to watch it, even though I wanted to watch Dabangg 3, but I gave this movie a try. It is horrible, I don't even know from where to start, this does not looks like a movie from the Director who made Lagaan, Swades and Jodha Akbar. It looks like some shitty series which would come on Star Bharat. The VFX is really bad, Arjun Kapoor is bad too, he did look worse and robotic in the trailer, but in the movie well he was just Arjun Kapoor, won't deny that he was awful. Even RJ Mantra who also had a big role in the movie did a better job than Arjun Kapoor. Maybe the movie could have done a little better if they took someone else as the lead, but again it would not have helped much as the movie overall was pretty bad. Ashutosh Gowarikar is overrated and he needs to get his shit together, now days people are accepting good quality cinema but he wants to add additional bullcrap like how he did in Mohenjodaro. I feel like puking now, I don't know if thats cause of the movie or the heavy antibiotics I am taking. I would give this 2. 5 out of 10.
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Critics Consensus No consensus yet. 50% TOMATOMETER Total Count: 12 65% Audience Score Verified Ratings: 54 Panipat Ratings & Reviews Explanation Tickets & Showtimes The movie doesn't seem to be playing near you. Go back Enter your location to see showtimes near you. Panipat Videos Photos Movie Info PANIPAT is set in 1761, when the Maratha Empire had reached its zenith and their grip on Hindostan reigned supreme with no-one to challenge them until an invader set his eyes on the throne of Hindostan. That's when Sadashiv Rao Bhau (Arjun Kapoor), the Commander-in-Chief of the Maratha army led a northern expedition in order to repel the invading forces of Ahmad Shah Abdali (Sanjay Dutt), the King of Afghanistan. This War epic entails the events that led to the Third Battle of Panipat. Rating: NR Genre: Directed By: Written By: In Theaters: Dec 6, 2019 limited Runtime: 171 minutes Studio: Reliance Entertainment Cast Critic Reviews for Panipat Audience Reviews for Panipat Panipat Quotes News & Features.
Panipat 3a the great betrayal lyrics. Panipat: the great betrayal. निरर्थक विश्लेषण। पहली बात ये कि आपका विश्लेषण अफ़ग़ानिस्तानी नजरिये पर आधारित है। भारतीय और मराठा नजरिया आपने गर्त में धकेल दिया। तो ये एकतरफा बात हुई। दूसरा आपका आत्मरक्षा के तर्क में दम नहीं है। मैं साबित कर सकता हूँ कि वो आक्रमण आत्मरक्षा के लिए नहीं था। तीसरा आपने उम्र की बात की। पद्मावत में अलाउद्दीन को भी उन्होंने यंग दिखाया जबकि वो उस वक़्त 56 साल का था तो ये जानबूझकर अब्दाली को ही डिफेम करने के लिए नहीं किया। 80000 और 100000 की सेना में कोई ज्यादा अंतर नहीं है। शायद बीबीसी सिनेमाई कला से वाकिफ नहीं। सिनेमा सीखिए, सिनेमा 100% फैक्ट्स पर हो बिल्कुल जरूरी नहीं। सिनेमा में सत्य से ज़्यादा फंतासी महत्वपूर्ण है। फ़िल्म मैंने देखी नहीं, शायद आपने भी नहीं देखी हो। हो सकता है अब्दाली को कुछ ज़्यादा ही क्रूर दिखाया हो पर अगेन सिनेमाई दृष्टि। और वैसे भी हम भारतवर्ष की मिट्टी से बने हैं, अफगानी नहीं। जो भी हम पर आक्रमण करेगा उसको दुष्ट की नज़र से ही देखा जाएगा। हम क्या कोई भी देश ऐसा ही करेगा। अफ़ग़ानिस्तान के लोग अब्दाली की गाथा गाएं, उसको अपनी फिल्मों में महान बनाएं, किसने रोका है ? वो स्वतंत्र हैं। पर हमारी अपनी दृष्टि है। होनी ही चाहिए।.
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I have to wonder what led him to cast Arjun Kapoor for this. Beyond Ishaqzaade, (and perhaps Aurangzeb) he doesn't have the looks or charisma to sustain a performance. And let's be clear, nepo or not, the way that he has let himself go, both body energy and performance, he wouldn't have sustained so it still baffles me how he is getting projects. And it's not the body type I mean here, cause Sanjay dutt has a big persona but he has a presence on screen and chops to back it (however problematic he might be as a person). Arjun just feels lazy as someone who might just topple and fall flat on his face with one false step. I cannot understand such underwhelming rating and the audience response. The movie is far better than Baajirao Mastaani and Padmaavat in that regard. Ashutosh Gowarikar has done a very commendable job and shows his capability of handling such a large scale movie. One of the rare occasions where I do not agree with the IMDB rating.
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